Process of manufacturing cattle food.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THEODOR E. BREYER,-OF WAUKEGAN, ILLINOIS.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING CATTLE FOOD.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODOR E. BREYER, a citizen of the United States,residing at VV-aukegan, county of Lake, State of Illinois, have inventeda certain new and useful Iniprovement in Processes of ManufacturingCatt-1e Food, and declare the followingto be a full, clear, andexactdescription of the same, such as will enable others skilled intheart to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates in general to cattle food, and more particularly toa process for manufacturing the same from lay-products resulting fromthe manufacture of starch from corn.

In the manufacture of starch from Indian corn, the corn is firstsoftened, preparatory to grinding, by steeping the same in a dilutesolution of sulfurous acid. After the corn 1S ground it is mixed withwater and the hulls and germs separated from the liquid. The liquid,known in the art as starch milk, is caused to flow over inclined tablesupon which the starch is deposited while the gluten passes from thetables in the liquid.

Natural ingredients of the corn possessing valuable nutritive propertiesfor cattle food, such as phosphates, potassium salts, albuminoids, sugarand other carbo-hydrates are dissolved during the steeping operation andremain in the steep water. It is customary to utilize in making cattlefood the bran and glute'n which constitute the insoluble byproductsresulting from the manufacture of starch from corn, but the soluble byproducts remaining in the steep water have usually been wasted owing tothe impracticability of recovering them by evaporation by reason of thesteep water containing substances which cause. it to foam over and whichalso coat the coilsand heating surfaces of the eyaporating'apparatusthereby necessitating the cleaningof the apparatus so frequently as tointerfere with economical evaporation.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a process by thepractice of which cattle food may be made from the soluble as well asthe insoluble by-products result- 1ng from the manufacture of starchfrom corn;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 23, 1906.

A further object of my invention is to Patented May A, 1909.

Serial No. 266,674.

provide a practical and economical process of recovering solubleby-products of corn from steep water.

Broadly considered, my invention consists in recovering solublebyproducts of corn from steep-water by effecting a precipitation ofthose substances which would interfere with concentration throughevaporation, the precipitation being produced by'means of a neutralizingagent, preferably while the steep-water is heated; removing andrecovering the precipitate; and then concentrating the remaining liquidto the consistency of syrup. The precipitate and concentrate may bemixed with other food products the whole being then dried and ground tore- I duce it to commercial form.

In carrying out my inventlon I add a neutraliz ng agent to the steepwater result1ng from immersing corn in a dilute watery solution ofsulfurous acid and by heating such solution to a temperature .of 120 to130 degrees F. I may employ any suitable neutralizin agent such ascaustic or carbonate ofan aIkaline earth or the carbonate of an alkali,in such proportions as toprecipitate such substances as phosphate oflime, magnesia, iron, aluminum and albumlnoids. \Vlule I do not ofcourse wish to limit myself to any particular quantity of the neu--tralizing agent to be added to the steep water, yet in practice I havefound that good results may be obtained by adding to 1000 gallons ofsteep Water 12?; lbs. of caustic soda, or 20 lbs. of soda ash, or 20lbs. of carbonate of lime, or 15 lbs. of slaked lime.

In neutralizing the steep water which contains acid sulfites, sulfurousacid, and acid phosphates of calcium and magnesium, the acid phosphatesare transformed into more'neutral phosphates which are not soluble andare therefore precipitated. The albuminoids, kept in solution in thesteep water by the weak acids and acid salts, are neutralized and theprotein substances are thrown down as precipitate. In case carbonate ofsoda is employed the above described re-actions take lace under theformation of soluble sodium phosphate and other sodium salts. The steepwater also contains albuminoids which are precipitated by neutralizingthe acid salts above mentioned and also contains other albuminoids whichare precipitated by heating the liquid.

By heating up the steep water certain substances not precipitated by theneutralizing agent are rendered insoluble and they are thereforeprecipitated, the action of the chemicals is accelerated and thephysical properties of the precipitate are changed in such a manner asto render it in a fiocculent form, which permits a rapid separation ofthe precipitate from the liquid part by fil tration. It is thereforepreferable to heat the steep water at this stage of the process.

In addition to the neutralizingagent, 1 also preferably add to the steepwater an oxidizing agent of alkaline reaction such as hypo-chlorite ofcalcium, sodium, or potassium, in order that the sulfites may betransformed into sulfates. The sulfites are by some consideredobjectionable in cattle food and the oxidizing agent is therefore addedto remove them, but they are not injurious 'to the cattle in the smallquantities present in the cattle food, and the adding of the oxidizingagent is therefore not essential in order that a wholesome cattle foodmay result. lVhen an oxidizing agent is used it is added in suitablequantity to the steep water, such for instance as 12 lbs. of commercialhypo-chlorite of calcium or a corresponding amount of the hypo-chloratesof the alkalies to 1000 gals. of steep water.

After the precipitate has been formed, it is filtered from the liquid byany suitable filterng device and is obtained as a mass of Whitish colorcontainingvaluable nutritive substances which may be used for enrichingwet feed, which is the material remaining in a filter press from amixture of bran and gluten, or brewers slop, or beet cosettes. Theliquid remaining after the removal of the precipitate is then evaporatedwhich may be accomplished Without difiiculty to a syrup of from 30 to 40degrees Be. Foaming over of the mass in the evaporator and coating theheating surfaces of the evaporating apparatus, difficulties alwaysencountered when an attempt is made to evaporate steep water, ag'eentirely avoided owing to the fact that the substances which cause suchdifficulties have been removed in the form of precipitales prior to theevaporation.

The syrup obtained by evaporating the liquid remaining after the removalof the precipitates may be used to enrich wet feed obtained as aby-product in the manufacture of starch, or to enrich brewers slop, orextracted beet cosettes. Preferably, however, the syrup is mixed withthe precipitate obtained as above described and the resulting mixtureused to enrich feed such as those mentioned. When the concentrates andsyrup are mixed with wet feed the resulting mixture is dried andsubsequently ground preparatoryto being packed and shipped to placeswhere it is to be "used to feed cattle.

Ordinary steepwater contains ineach gallon 0.4 to 0.5 pounds of drysubstance, and between .008 to 0.010 pounds of sulfurous anhydrid. Thecompositionof this dry substance is Mineral matter; 17. 02% Nitrogensubstance; 41.40% Carbohydrates, etc 41.58172 The mineral matter iscomposed as follows:

Iron oxid and alumina 1. 86% Magnesium oxid 17.74% Calcium oxid 3.84%Phosphoric anhydrid 44. 50% Pot-ash and soda as chlorids 32.0054.

of lime and magnesia.

The precipitate of the mineral salts is produced by partialneutralization as set forth, which causes part of the phosphoricanhydrid and part of the lime and magnesia to combine, forming neutralsalts which are precipitated, while due to'the partial neutralizationthe liquid still retains its acidity.

From the foregoing description it will be observed that I have inventedan improved process by the practice of which both the soluble andinsoluble by-products resulting from the manufacture of starch from cornmay be utilized to manufacture a nutritious and wholesome cattle food.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The process ofmanufacturing cattle food from by-products' resultingfrom the manufacture of starch from corn, which consists inprecipitating the phosphates and albuminoids in the steep Waterremaining after soaking the corn in a dilute solution of sulfurous acid,removing the precipitated phosphates and albuminoids from the steepwater, concentrating the remaining liquid to the consistency of syrup,and mixing the precipitates and syrup.

2. The process of manufacturing cattle food from the by-productsresulting from the manufacture of starch from corn, which consists inadding a neutralizing agent to the steep Water remaining after soakingthe corn in a dilute solution of sulfurous acid, removing from the steepwater the precipitate formed by the neutralizing agent, concentratingthe remaining liquid to the consistency of syrup, and mixing theprecipitate and syrup with feed.

3. The process of manufacturing cattle food from by-products resultingfrom the.

manufacture of starch from corn, which consists in precipitating thephosphates and albuminoids in steep water remaining after soaking thecorn in a dilute solution of sulfurous acid, removing from the steepwater the precipitated phosphates and albuminoids, concentrating theremaining liquid to the consistency of syrup, mixing the precipitatedphosphates and albuminoids and the syrup with wet feed, and drying themixture.

4. The process of manufacturing cattle food from by-products resultingfrom the manufacture of starch from corn, which consists in addingcarbonate of soda to the steep water remaining after soaking the corn ina dilute solution of sulfurous acid, heating to the boiling point,removing from the steep water the precipitate formed by the carbonate ofsoda, concentrating the remaining liquid to the consistency of syrup,and mixing the precipitate and syrup with feed.

5. The process of manufacturing cattle food from by-products resultingfrom the manufacture of starch 'from corn, which consists in" addinghypo-chlorite of calcium to the steep water remaining after soaking .thecorn in dilute sulfurous acid, adding carbonate of soda, removingfromthe steep water the resulting precipitate, concentrating theremaining liquid, and mixing the preiipitate and concentrated liquidWith ee (3. The process of manufacturing cattle food from icy-productsresulting from the cipitated phosphates and albuminoids from thesteep-water, concentrating the remaining liquid to the consistency ofsyrup, and mixing the precipitates and syrup.

7. The process of manufacturing cattle food from by-products resultingfrom the manufacture of starch from corn which consists in addingcarbonate of soda to the steep-water remaining after soaking the corn indilute solution of sulfurous acid, heating the solution, removing theprecipi tate, concentrating the remaining liquid to the consistency ofsyrup, and mixing the syrup with the precipitates. I

8. The process of manufacturing cattle food from toy-products resultingfrom the manufacture of starch from corn, which consists in adding aneutralizing agent to the steep water remaining after soaking the cornin a dilute solution of sulfurous acid to thereby precipitate thephosphates and albuminoids, removing the precipitated phosphates andalbuminoids from the steep- 'ater, concentrating the remaining liquid tothe consistency of syrup, and then mixing the precipitates and the.syrup with other food products. Y

9. The process of recovering soluble byproducts of corn preparatory tomanufacturing cattle food, which consists in adding a neutralizing agentto the steep water remaining after soaking the corn in a dilute solutionof sulfurous acid to thereby precipitate the phosphates and albuminoids,removing the precipitated phosphates and albumlnoids from thesteep-water and then concentrating the remaining liquid to theconsistency of syrup.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification in the presence of twowitnesses.

THEODOR E. BREYER.

Witnesses:

GEO. L. WILKINSON, C. A. MULLEN.

